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8002 PRM Certification - Exam II: Mathematical Foundations of Risk Measurement Questions and Answers

Questions 4

A typical leptokurtotic distribution can be described as a distribution that is relative to a normal distribution

Options:

A.

peaked and thin at the center and with heavy (fat) tails

B.

peaked and thin at the center and with thin tails

C.

flat and thick at the center and with heavy (fat) tails

D.

flat and thick at the center and with thin tails

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Questions 5

Let X be a random variable normally distributed with zero mean and let . Then the correlation between X and Y is:

Options:

A.

negative

B.

zero

C.

not defined

D.

positive

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Questions 6

The first derivative of a function f(x) is zero at some point, the second derivative is also zero at this point. This means that:

Options:

A.

f has necessarily a minimum at this point

B.

f has necessarily a maximum at this point

C.

f has necessarily neither a minimum nor a maximum at this point

D.

f might have either a minimum or a maximum or neither of them at this point

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Questions 7

A simple linear regression is based on 100 data points. The total sum of squares is 1.5 and the correlation between the dependent and explanatory variables is 0.5. What is the explained sum of squares?

Options:

A.

0.75

B.

1.125

C.

0.3333

D.

0.375

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Questions 8

You invest $100 000 for 3 years at a continuously compounded rate of 3%. At the end of 3 years, you redeem the investment. Taxes of 22% are applied at the time of redemption. What is your approximate after-tax profit from the investment, rounded to $10?

Options:

A.

$9420

B.

$7350

C.

$7230

D.

$7100

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Questions 9

I have a portfolio of two stocks. The weights are 60% and 40% respectively, the volatilities are both 20%, while the correlation of returns is 100%. The volatility of my portfolio is

Options:

A.

4%

B.

14.4%

C.

20%

D.

24%

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Questions 10

Bond convexity is closely related to …

Options:

A.

The derivative of the bond's present value with respect to yield

B.

The second derivative of the bond's present value with respect to yield

C.

The integral of the bond's present value with respect to yield

D.

The sensitivity of the bond's present value with respect to yield

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Questions 11

If A and B are two events with P(A) = 1/4, P(B) = 1/3 and P(A intersection B) =1/5, what is P(Bc | Ac) i.e. the probability of the complement of B when the complement of A is given?

Options:

A.

12/29

B.

37/45

C.

3/4

D.

None of these

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Questions 12

For the function f(x) =3x-x3 which of the following is true?

Options:

A.

x = 0 is a minimum

B.

x = -3 is a maximum

C.

x = 2 is a maximum

D.

None of these

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Questions 13

Over four consecutive years fund X returns 1%, 5%, -3%, 8%. What is the average growth rate of fund X over this period?

Options:

A.

2.67%

B.

2.75%

C.

2.49%

D.

None of the above

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Questions 14

Let a, b and c be real numbers. Which of the following statements is true?

Options:

A.

The commutativity of multiplication is defined by

B.

The existence of negatives is defined by

C.

The distributivity of multiplication is defined by

D.

The associativity of multiplication is defined by

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Questions 15

On average, one trade fails every 10 days. What is the probability that no trade will fail tomorrow?

Options:

A.

0.095

B.

0.905

C.

0.95

D.

0.100

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Questions 16

Find the first-order Taylor approximation p(x) for the function: at the point .

Options:

A.

-x

B.

-x+1

C.

x-1

D.

x+1

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Questions 17

In a 2-step binomial tree, at each step the underlying price can move up by a factor of u = 1.1 or down by a factor of d = 1/u. The continuously compounded risk free interest rate over each time step is 1% and there are no dividends paid on the underlying. Use the Cox, Ross, Rubinstein parameterization to find the risk neutral probability and hence find the value of a European put option with strike 102, given that the underlying price is currently 100.

Options:

A.

5.19

B.

5.66

C.

6.31

D.

4.18

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Questions 18

Consider the linear regression model for the returns of stock A and the returns of stock B. Stock A is 50% more volatile than stock B. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Options:

A.

The stocks must be positively correlated ( )

B.

Beta must be positive ( )

C.

Beta must be greater in absolute value than the correlation of the stocks ( )

D.

Alpha must be positive ( )

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Questions 19

Which of the following is consistent with the definition of a Type I error?

Options:

A.

The probability of a Type I error is 100% minus the significance level

B.

A Type I error would have occurred if the performance of a stock was positively correlated with the performance of a hedge fund, but in a linear regression, the hypothesis of positive correlation was rejected

C.

A Type I error would have occurred if the performance of a stock was positively correlated with the performance of a hedge fund, but in a linear regression, the hypothesis of no correlation was rejected

D.

A Type I occurs whenever data series are serially correlated

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Exam Code: 8002
Exam Name: PRM Certification - Exam II: Mathematical Foundations of Risk Measurement
Last Update: Nov 23, 2024
Questions: 132
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