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CCRN-Adult CCRN (Adult) - Direct Care Eligibility Pathway Questions and Answers

Questions 4

A ventilator-associated event (VAE) is best prevented by

Options:

A.

tracheal instillation of normal saline.

B.

changing ventilator tubing daily.

C.

minimizing tube feedings.

D.

subglottic suctioning.

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Questions 5

The intended effects of medications for a patient in acute CHF are to

Options:

A.

reduce CVP and increase SVR.

B.

reduce CVP and reduce SVR.

C.

increase CVP and reduce SVR.

D.

increase CVP and increase SVR.

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Questions 6

A patient who experienced a blunt chest trauma in an automobile crash is admitted with multiple rib fractures. The patient is dyspneic and hypotensive and is reporting left shoulder pain. On auscultation, a nurse notes that bowel sounds can be heard over the lower left thorax. These findings are consistent with

Options:

A.

ruptured abdominal viscus.

B.

ruptured diaphragm.

C.

flail chest.

D.

mediastinal shift.

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Questions 7

A patient with a history of COPD is admitted with increasing dyspnea and fatigue. O2 is initiated via nasal cannula at 4 L/min with an O2 saturation of 99%. One hour later, the patient becomes lethargic. Which of the following is the most likely cause for the change in the patient's mental status?

Options:

A.

O2 toxicity

B.

absorption atelectasis

C.

depressed hypoxic drive

D.

decreased end-tidal CO2

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Questions 8

While recording hourly ventilator checks on a patient who is being mechanically ventilated, the nurse notes that the PIP has gradually increased by 5 cm H2O over the past 4 hours. This increase indicates

Options:

A.

an improvement in pulmonary function.

B.

a leak in the ET tube cuff.

C.

a decrease in airway resistance.

D.

a decrease in lung compliance.

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Questions 9

There is an increase in catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) following a change in urinary catheter insertion trays. After conducting a literature review of evidence-based practices regarding indwelling catheter insertion and care, the nurse should

Options:

A.

locate a unit in the facility that still has the original trays in stock and restock the supply closet with these.

B.

contact the materials coordinator and request that the previous trays be re-ordered.

C.

share the results of the literature review with the physician team.

D.

lead a meeting in which the results of the literature review are presented, and staff input is obtained.

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Questions 10

Potentially life-threatening consequences of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) include

Options:

A.

cellular dehydration.

B.

intracellular hyperglycemia.

C.

metabolic alkalosis.

D.

respiratory alkalosis.

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Questions 11

A patient reported to have smoked crack cocaine is brought to the hospital by paramedics and admitted in an agitated state. On the way to the hospital, the patient had a generalized seizure. The toxicology screen is positive for cocaine. Which of the following is most appropriate to administer?

Options:

A.

naloxone (Narcan)

B.

ipecac

C.

lorazepam (Ativan)

D.

activated charcoal

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Questions 12

A unit council is requesting to change a documentation screen of the electronic health record (EHR) at a large health system. The change was not discussed with the department prior to the request and was denied by the EHR committee. Which of the following strategies will most likely lead to accomplishing the team's goals?

Options:

A.

Have nursing leadership evaluate the proposal before resubmitting the request.

B.

Discuss the proposed solution with stakeholders to determine buy in.

C.

Work with key staff members to rewrite the request to present at the next meeting.

D.

Attempt to change the process through another format.

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Questions 13

After observing an increase in the occurrence of oral pressure injuries in intubated patients on the unit, the nurse should

Options:

A.

discuss concerns at the next unit based practice meeting.

B.

report the issue to the respiratory therapy manager.

C.

continue to provide oral care to intubated patients.

D.

recommend removal endotracheal tube holders from the unit.

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Questions 14

A patient is admitted for sepsis secondary to pneumonia. The patient has received 2000 mL of plasmalyte and their BP remains 80/50. What should the nurse anticipate next for the patient?

Options:

A.

dopamine

B.

norepinephrine

C.

1L of plasmalyte

D.

vasopressin

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Questions 15

A patient who was admitted after an open aortofemoral bypass for claudication at rest has a hemoglobin A1C of 8.9. The patient admits having poor control of blood glucose levels and is scared to use insulin as directed because of a few episodes of hypoglycemia. Which of the following should the nurse initially request to be consulted?

Options:

A.

endocrinology

B.

diabetes educator

C.

hospital pharmacist

D.

vascular surgeon

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Questions 16

Which of the following is most indicative of successful treatment for salicylate poisoning?

Options:

A.

osmotic diuresis

B.

decrease in gastric pH

C.

decrease in CPK

D.

alkalinization of urine

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Questions 17

A patient has a linear skull fracture with multisystem trauma. The patient's vital signs are as follows:

BP 80/50

HR120

CVP2 mm Hg

Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation for this patient's condition?

Options:

A.

The patient has lost a significant amount of blood because of intracranial hemorrhage.

B.

Fluid regulation by the neurohypophysis is impaired because of increased intracranial pressure.

C.

Parasympathetic stimulation is causing significant vasodilatation and pooling of blood.

D.

Blood loss is occurring from a noncerebral injury.

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Questions 18

Which of the following assessment findings would be found in a patient with pulmonary hypertension?

Options:

A.

crackles in the bases bilaterally

B.

rhonchi in the apices bilaterally

C.

pink frothy sputum

D.

distended neck veins

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Questions 19

A patient is admitted with an acute anterior wall MI. Initial hemodynamic readings are:

The nurse anticipates initiating a plan of care for

Options:

A.

pulmonary hypertension.

B.

cardiogenic shock.

C.

volume overload.

D.

right ventricular infarct.

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Questions 20

A patient is admitted with anaphylactic shock secondary to a blood transfusion. The patient's spouse asks the nurse to explain how blood can cause a low blood pressure. The nurse responds that with anaphylactic shock the

Options:

A.

heart muscle weakens and is unable to pump effectively.

B.

peripheral blood vessels dilate, and this creates a maldistribution of volume.

C.

kidneys excrete large amounts of urine dropping the blood pressure.

D.

autonomic nervous system is disrupted dropping blood pressure.

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Questions 21

A patient post-surgical externalized ventricular drain placement has treatment orders that include continuous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage at 10 mm

Hg. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate with an increase in the ICP above 25 mm Hg?

Options:

A.

a decrease in the pulse pressure

B.

a change in CSF drainage from clear to pink

C.

the amplitude of P2 greater than P1 on the waveform morphology

D.

an increase in the cerebral perfusion pressure from 65 to 70

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Questions 22

Which of the following is most often associated with damage to the alveolar capillary membrane secondary to aspiration?

Options:

A.

reabsorption atelectasis

B.

lung cavitation

C.

bronchopleural fistulas

D.

noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

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Questions 23

Which of the following diagnostic procedures best pinpoints the location, size, and origin of a cerebral aneurysm?

Options:

A.

MRI

B.

cerebral angiography

C.

positron emission tomography (PET) scanning

D.

CT scanning

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Questions 24

A patient who is post repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm should be monitored for which of the following complications?

Options:

A.

acute renal failure

B.

acute hepatic dysfunction

C.

acute CVA

D.

atrial fibrillation

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Questions 25

A nurse is precepting an experienced critical care nurse who is new to the facility. To develop the orientation plan, which of the following should the preceptor do first?

Options:

A.

Determine the knowledge and skills the new nurse needs to learn.

B.

Teach the new nurse about unit routines and practices.

C.

Explain patient care policies and procedures to the new nurse.

D.

Introduce the new nurse to staff and team members on the unit.

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Questions 26

Which of the following signs is most frequently associated with meningitis?

Options:

A.

positive Trousseau's

B.

positive Cullen's

C.

positive Kernig's

D.

positive Babinski's

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Questions 27

A patient with unilateral facial droop and slurred speech has a history of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The nurse should anticipate an order for a

Options:

A.

head MRI.

B.

triglyceride panel.

C.

head and neck CT scan.

D.

coagulation panel.

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Questions 28

To maintain adequate pain control in a post-surgical patient addicted to heroin, a nurse should plan to

Options:

A.

administer oral opioids only as needed.

B.

administer PCA opioids with on-demand dosing only.

C.

administer PCA with continuous and on-demand opioid delivery.

D.

avoid administering any intravenous pain medication.

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Questions 29

A terminally ill patient is deteriorating. The patient's family states, "We don't want him to suffer any more." The most appropriate response is

Options:

A.

"I have given him the medication that was ordered."

B.

"Do you feel he is suffering now?"

C.

"He probably isn't feeling anything right now."

D.

"I will make a referral to the chaplain."

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Questions 30

A patient's blood culture report notes the presence of vancomycin resistant enterococcus. The nurse should place the patient in which type of isolation?

Options:

A.

droplet

B.

airborne

C.

contact

D.

protective

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Questions 31

Family members have been complaining about limited visiting hours. To facilitate a potential change in practice, a nurse should first

Options:

A.

schedule an interdisciplinary team meeting to discuss visiting hours.

B.

begin a literature search on family visitation practices.

C.

consult with medical staff to change visiting hours.

D.

draft a new policy regarding visitation practices for the unit.

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Questions 32

Laboratory values diagnostic for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) include

Options:

A.

decreases in PT and thrombin time.

B.

increases in PT, PTT, and FSP (FDP).

C.

increases in platelet count and fibrinogen.

D.

decreases in platelet count, thrombin time, and FSP (FDP).

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Questions 33

For a patient who sustained blunt renal trauma and a crush injury to the leg, monitoring should include observing for

Options:

A.

a shortened PR interval.

B.

tall peaked T waves.

C.

ST segment depression.

D.

a prolonged PR interval.

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Questions 34

Which of the following intubated patients is most at risk for developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?

Options:

A.

68-year-old patient, 142 kg, from an assisted living facility with COPD and dialysis-dependent renal disease

B.

84-year-old patient, 38 kg, from a skilled nursing facility receiving chemotherapy for colorectal cancer

C.

91-year-old patient, 54 kg, from home with osteoporosis and hypothyroidism

D.

72-year-old patient, 81 kg, from a nursing home with heart failure and chronic bronchitis

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Questions 35

A patient presents with fever and chills, is diaphoretic, and reports experiencing abdominal and intermittent left shoulder pain for the past week. An

ultrasound shows an enlarged spleen. Vital signs are:

BP 106/59

HR 118

RR 23

T101.2° F (38.4° C)

When reviewing the lab report, which of the following findings is most significant to this presentation?

Options:

A.

positive blood cultures

B.

PLT 150,000/mm3

C.

WBC less than 500/mm3

D.

Hct 39%

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Questions 36

A patient has experienced significant brain damage from an anoxic episode and has been unable to be weaned from ventilator support. The patient's spouse expresses ambivalence about stopping the ventilator now that it has been started. Which of the following statements is the nurse's most appropriate response?

Options:

A.

"When the patient no longer responds to treatment, it can be discontinued."

B.

"We can look at the hospital's policies regarding discontinuing therapy."

C.

"Perhaps you should talk with the rest of your family before making any decisions."

D.

"Maybe we shouldn't have been so quick to start the ventilator."

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Questions 37

A patient is admitted following a motor vehicle crash. A fluid challenge is initiated immediately after assessing a BP of 80/palpable. Fifteen minutes later,

vital signs are as follows:

BP 86/50

HR 150

RR 36

The most appropriate action should be to

Options:

A.

administer a vasopressor.

B.

administer a second fluid challenge.

C.

request a CT scan of the chest.

D.

request an abdominal ultrasound.

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Questions 38

The water retention associated with SIADH is characterized by

Options:

A.

fluid intake greater than UO, weight gain, and increased urine osmolality and sodium.

B.

UO greater than fluid intake, extreme weight gain, and mild (2+) pitting edema.

C.

UO greater than fluid intake and severe (4+) pitting edema.

D.

fluid intake greater than UO, increased serum osmolality and sodium, and severe (4+) pitting edema.

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Questions 39

An unconscious patient in hepatic failure secondary to alcoholism becomes acutely hypoglycemic. Glucagon administration is contraindicated for this patient because glucagon

Options:

A.

interferes with lactulose (Cephulac) therapy.

B.

produces additional sedative effects.

C.

is ineffective when hepatocytes are damaged.

D.

causes rebound hyperglycemia.

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Questions 40

A patient with a sodium level of 114 mEq/L is most likely to develop

Options:

A.

tetany.

B.

flaccid paralysis.

C.

seizures.

D.

cardiac arrhythmias.

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Questions 41

Assessment of a patient with a head injury reveals increased muscle tone and contractured positioning of the upper extremities. A nurse should

Options:

A.

use wrist restraints to maintain upper extremity extension.

B.

obtain an order for a muscle relaxer.

C.

recognize that contractures are an expected response after a head injury.

D.

consult a physical therapist regarding appropriate positioning.

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Questions 42

After consultation with the interdisciplinary team, a nurse implements progressive mobility by having the patient sit at the side of the bed. The patient's HR increases by 10, RR increases by 6, SpO2 remains at 94%, and BP remains stable. The patient states he is tired. Which of the following should be the nurse's next action?

Options:

A.

Return the patient to a supine position and notify the physician.

B.

Discontinue the attempts to mobilize the patient.

C.

Progress to sitting in a chair during the next activity.

D.

Wait for assistance from physical therapy to resume mobility.

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Questions 43

Patients in end-stage cardiomyopathy often exhibit which of the following symptoms of right-sided heart failure?

Options:

A.

hypotension and oliguria

B.

JVD and hepatomegaly

C.

hypertension and polyuria

D.

pulmonary edema and restlessness

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Questions 44

The nurse who is caring for a patient following an esophagectomy notes new subcutaneous emphysema in the upper chest and neck. The nurse should expect an order for

Options:

A.

chest tube insertion.

B.

a CT scan.

C.

IV antibiotics.

D.

gastric decompression.

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Questions 45

An older adult patient reports an inability to sleep due to staff waking the patient for frequent neurological assessments. In order to minimize sleep disruptions, the nurse should

Options:

A.

encourage the patient to sleep between assessments.

B.

discontinue neurologic assessments.

C.

establish a schedule with the provider.

D.

move the patient to the quieter part of the unit.

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Exam Code: CCRN-Adult
Exam Name: CCRN (Adult) - Direct Care Eligibility Pathway
Last Update: Dec 4, 2024
Questions: 150
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