COF-C02 SnowPro Core Certification Exam Questions and Answers

INTEGER

OBJECT

VARIANT

VARCHAR

LIST

Data Replication

Secure Data Sharing

Data Exchange

Snowflake Marketplace

Send an alert notification to all account users who have notifications enabled.

Send an alert notification to all virtual warehouse users when thresholds over 100% have been met.

Send a notification to all account administrators who have notifications enabled, and suspend all assigned warehouses after all statements being executed by the warehouses have completed.

Send a notification to all account administrators who have notifications enabled, and suspend all assigned warehouses immediately, canceling any statements being executed by the warehouses.

CREATE SESSION POLICY

CREATE NETWORK RULE

CREATE SECURITY INTEGRATION

CREATE PASSWORD POLICY

The user will be unable to enter a password.

The user will encounter an error, and will not be able to log in.

The user will be able to log into Snowflake successfully.

After entering the username and password, the user will be redirected to an Identity Provider (IdP) login page.

0 days

1 day

7 days

90 days

Data classification

Query acceleration service

Search optimization service

Tagging

ALTER ROLE

REVOKE ROLE

USE ROLE

USE SECONDARY ROLES

Binary format

Columnar format

Compressed format

Raw format

Zipped format

Use the SECURITYADMIN role.

Use the SYSADMIN role.

Use the USERADMIN role.

Contact Snowflake Support.

SHOW

MERGE

INSERT

DELETE

DESCRIBE

Queries with unpredictable data volumes.

Queries with highly-selective table filters that return a small subset of rows.

Queries on fields in a VARIANT column that will return all data as structured data.

Queries that involve one or more columns inside the cluster key using the lowest cardinality to select filters.

Temporary

Directory

Standard

Transient

Enable Time Travel.

Clone the dropped stage.

Execute the UNDROP command.

Recreate the dropped stage.

Column compression

Data clustering

Micro-partitioning

Metadata management

Account

Database

Schema

Table

All child objects will retain data for the new retention period.

All child objects that do not have an explicit retention period will automatically inherit the new retention period.

All child objects with an explicit retention period will be overridden with the new retention period.

All explicit child object retention periods will remain unchanged.

FOR

LOOP

REPEAT

WHILE

Range of values

Distinct values

Index values

Sorted values

Null values

It removes null values from all columns in the data.

It converts null values to empty strings during loading.

It skips rows with null values during the loading process.

It removes object or array elements containing null values.

Use COPY INTO followed by a GET command to download the file.

Use COPY INTO followed by a put command to download the file.

Use COPY INTO with SINGLE = TRUE followed by a GET command to download the file.

Use COPY INTO with SINGLE = TRUE followed by a PUT command to download the file.

The database owner

The object owner

The schema owner

The Snowflake user's role

Tag

Task

Stream

Stored procedure

Manually re-cluster the table regularly.

Choose one high cardinality column as the clustering key.

Use the column that is most-frequently used in query select clauses as the clustering key.

Assess the average table depth to identify how clustering is impacting the query.

Keep the default MAX_FILE_SIZE to 16 MB

Set the default MAX_FILE_SI2E to 5 GB.

Set the SINGLE parameter to TRUE.

Use a regular expression in the stage specifications of the COPY command.

Both tables have no Fail-safe period.

Both tables have data retention period maximums of one day.

Both tables are visible only to a single user session.

For both tables the retention period ends when the tables are dropped.

For both tables, the retention period does not end when the session ends

ALTER TABLE

Snowpipe

Stage

Stream

Task

COPY_INTO command

Data replication

Snowpipe

Direct share

READ

REFERENCES

REFERENCEJJSAGE

USAGE

Area chart

Box plot

Heat grid

Pie chart

Use the SHOW STAGES command.

Use the DESCRIBE STAGE command.

Use the GET_ABSOLUTE_PATH function.

Use the GET_STAGE_LOCATION function.

Temporary table

External table

Secure view

Materialized view

Last_QUERY_ID

CURRENT_STATEMENT

UUID_STRING

JOB_ID

1 minutes

5 minutes

10 minutes

15 minutes

Snowflake will resolve them according to the SEARCH_PATH parameter.

Snowflake will only check the schema the UDF belongs to.

Snowflake will first check the current schema, and then the schema the previous query used

Snowflake will first check the current schema, and them the PUBLIC schema of the current database.

Add or remove users from a worksheet.

Move a worksheet to a folder or a dashboard.

Combine multiple worksheets into a single worksheet.

Tag frequently accessed worksheets for ease of access.

Aggregate

Scalar

Table

Window

BINARY

GEOGRAPHY

GEOMETRY

OBJECT

VARIANT

Syntax error

Inefficient pruning

Ambiguous column names

Queries too large to fit in memory

Object does not exist or not authorized

File URL

Scoped URL

Pre-signed URL

Scoped file URL

1 hour

2 hours

4 hours

8 hours

If a role was specified as part of the connection and that role has been granted to the Snowflake user, the specified role becomes the current role.

If no role was specified as part of the connection and a default role has been defined for the Snowflake user, that role becomes the current role.

If no role was specified as part of the connection and a default role has not been set for the Snowflake user, the session will not be initiated and the log in will fail.

If a role was specified as part of the connection and that role has not been granted to the Snowflake user, it will be ignored and the default role will become the current role.

If a role was specified as part of the connection and that role has not been granted to the Snowflake user, the role is automatically granted and it becomes the current role.

There are multiple SOL UDFs with the same names and the same number of arguments.

There are multiple SQL UDFs with the same names and the same number of argument types.

There are multiple SQL UDFs with the same names but with a different number of arguments or argument types.

There are multiple SQL UDFs with different names but the same number of arguments or argument types.

Create an account for an organization.

Edit the account data for an organization.

Delete the account data for an organization.

View usage information for all accounts in an organization.

Select all the data in tables for all accounts in an organization.

60

91

120

121

User stage

Table stage

Named internal stage

Named external stage

ALTER FILE FORMAT my_format SET TYPE=JSON;

ALTER FILE FORMAT my format SWAP TYPE WITH JSON;

CREATE OR REPLACE FILE FORMAT my format TYPE-JSON;

REPLACE FILE FORMAT my format TYPE-JSON;

COPY INTO

CREATE PIPE

INSERT INTO

TABLE STREAM

SHOW TABLES command

SHOW EXTERNAL TABLES command

TABLES view

TABLE STORAGE METRICS view

(12,2)

(10,4)

(14,8)

(15,9)

MAXDATAEXTENSIONTIMEINDAYS

MTN_DATA_RETENTION_TTME_TN_DAYS

LOCK_TIMEOUT

STALE_AFTER

CREATE_SHARE on the account

SHARE on databases and schemas

SELECT on tables used by the secure view

REFERENCE_USAGE on databases

O days

1 day

7 days

90 days

history

config

snowsqLcnf

snowsql.pubkey

CHECK_JSON

TO_JSON

FLATTEN

PARSE_JSON

Schemas

Roles

Secure Views

Stored Procedures

Tables

Secure User-Defined Functions (UDFs)

Cross join

Inner join

Natural join

Outer join

DISABLED

MINS TO BYPASS MFA

MINS TO BYPASS NETWORK POLICY

MINS TO UNLOCK

One

Two

Three

Unlimited

Search optimization service

Automatic clustering

Row access policies

Multi-cluster virtual warehouses

Secure views

Indefinitely

Until the result_cache expires

Until the retention_time is met

Until the expiration time is exceeded

Authy

Duo Security

One Login

RSA SecurlD Access

Create a view.

Cluster a table.

Enable the search optimization service.

Enable Time Travel.

Index a table.

GO driver

Node.js driver

ODBC driver

Python connector

Spark connector

STRIP_NULL_VALUES

SKIP_BYTE_ORDER_MARK

REPLACE_INVALID_CHARACTERS

VALIDATION_MODE

Files

External tables

Secure User-Defined Functions (UDFs)

Sequences

Streams

The data provider in Azure Central Canada can create a direct share to AWS Asia Pacific, if they are both in the same organization.

The data consumer and data provider can form a Data Exchange within the same organization to create a share from Azure Central Canada to AWS Asia Pacific.

The data provider uses the GET DATA workflow in the Snowflake Data Marketplace to create a share between Azure Central Canada and AWS Asia Pacific.

The data provider must replicate the database to a secondary account in AWS Asia Pacific within the same organization then create a share to the data consumer's account.

Auto-scale mode

Maximized mode

Economy scaling policy

Standard scaling policy

Virtual Private Snowflake

Business Critical

Enterprise

Standard

Authentication

Resource management

Virtual warehouse caching

Query parsing and optimization

Query execution

Physical storage of micro-partitions

NUMBER

OBJECT

STRING

VARCHAR

VARIANT

Pipe

File format

Resource monitor

Storage integration

Virtual warehouse

USAGE

OPERATE

MONITOR

MODIFY

Stored procedures can execute database operations while UDFs cannot.

Returning a value is required in a stored procedure while returning values in a UDF is optional.

Values returned by a stored procedure can be used directly in a SQL statement while the values returned by a UDF cannot.

Multiple stored procedures can be called as part of a single executable statement while a single SQL statement can only call one UDF at a time.

Data Storage

Compute

Cloud Services

INSERT

PUT

GET

COPY

Auto-resume applies only to the last warehouse that was started in a multi-cluster warehouse.

The ability to auto-suspend a warehouse is only available in the Enterprise edition or above.

SnowSQL supports both a configuration file and a command line option for specifying a default warehouse.

A user cannot specify a default warehouse when using the ODBC driver.

The default virtual warehouse size can be changed at any time.

When a virtual warehouse is suspended, the data cache is saved on the remote storage layer.

When the data cache is full, the least-recently used data will be cleared to make room.

A user can only access their own queries from the query result cache.

A user must set USE_METADATA_CACHE to TRUE to use the metadata cache in queries.

The RESULT_SCAN table function can access and filter the contents of the query result cache.

VARIANT

VARRAY

STRUCT

ARRAY

QUEUE

Materialized view

Sequence

Secure view

Transient table

Clustered table

Standard

Enterprise

Business Critical

Virtual Private Snowflake

Configure the warehouse to a size larger than generally required

Set the minimum and maximum clusters to autoscale

Use the standard warehouse scaling policy

Use the economy warehouse scaling policy

The Pipe load history is reset to empty.

The REFRESH command is executed.

The stage will be purged.

The destination table is truncated.

Per second multiplied by an automatic sizing for the job

Per minute multiplied by an automatic sizing for the job, with a minimum of one minute

Per second multiplied by the size, as determined by the SERVERLESS_FEATURES_SIZE account parameter

Serverless features are not billed, unless the total cost for the month exceeds 10% of the warehouse credits, on the account

Snowflake leverages a Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model.

Snowflake requires a user to configure an IAM user to connect to the database.

All data in Snowflake is encrypted.

Snowflake can run within a user's own Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

All data in Snowflake is compressed.

view @my_stage

list @my_stage

show @my_stage

display @my_stage

10-50 MB

100-250 MB

300-500 MB

1000-1500 MB

Local disk caching

Authentication and access control

Metadata management

Query processing

Database storage

Data expires from Time Travel

Data expires from Fail-safe

Data is deleted from a table

Data is truncated from a table

To validate external table files in table t1 across all sessions

To validate task SQL statements against table t1 in the last 14 days

To validate a file for errors before it gets executed using a COPY command

To return errors from the last executed COPY command into table t1 in the current session

SYSADMIN

ORGADMIN

ACCOUNTADMIN

SECURITYADMIN

UPDATE TABLE FROM STREAM

SELECT FROM STREAM

INSERT INTO TABLE SELECT FROM STREAM

ALTER TABLE AS SELECT FROM STREAM

BEGIN COMMIT

Queries against large tables where frequent DML occurs

Queries against tables larger than 1 TB

Selective point lookup queries

Queries against a subset of columns in a table

Compute resources

Query execution

Authentication

Data storage

Metadata

Use data encryption.

Use dynamic data masking.

Use secure materialized views.

Revoke all roles for functional managers and end users.

Removing a column from the query SELECT list

Stopping the virtual warehouse that the query is running against

Clustering of the data used by the query

Executing the RESULTS_SCAN() table function

Changing a column that is not in the cached query

Optimizes the virtual warehouse size and multi-cluster setting to economy mode

Allows a user to import the files in a sequential order

Increases the latency staging and accuracy when loading the data

Allows optimization of parallel operations

4

8

16

32

The cloned views and the stored procedures will reference the cloned tables in the cloned database.

An error will occur, as views with qualified references cannot be cloned.

An error will occur, as stored objects cannot be cloned.

The stored procedures and views will refer to tables in the source database.

SHOW GRANTS OF ROLE MY_ROLE

SHOW GRANTS TO ROLE MY_ROLE

SHOW GRANTS FOR ROLE MY_ROLE

SHOW GRANTS ON ROLE MY_ROLE

External Tokenization

External Tables

Materialized Views

User-Defined Table Functions (UDTF)

select src:dealership from car_sales;

select src.dealership from car_sales;

select src:Dealership from car_sales;

select dealership from car_sales;

Database replication and failover

Automated index management

Customer managed keys (Tri-secret secure)

Extended time travel

Native support for geospatial data

Management of metadata

Computing the data

Maintaining Availability Zones

Infrastructure security

Parsing and optimizing queries

PUT

GET

COPY

SELECT

Within the policy DDL

Within the create table or create view DDL

By future APPLY for all objects in a schema

Within a control table

Using the command ALTER

A Query Profile can help users right-size virtual warehouses.

A Query Profile defines the hardware specifications of the virtual warehouse.

A Query Profile can help determine the number of virtual warehouses available.

A Query Profile automatically scales the virtual warehouse based on the query complexity.

CREATE TABLE LIKE TABLE_A;

CREATE VIEW AS SELECT * FROM TABLE_A;

CREATE TABLE AS SELECT * FROM TABLE_A;

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW AS SELECT * FROM TABLE A;

Pre-signed URL

Account URL

Scoped URL

File URL

ACCOUNTADMIN

USERADMIN

PUBLIC

SYSADMIN

Any role that has the global ATTACH POLICY privilege

PUT

INSERT

COPY INTO

GET

An individual row

An individual column

A view

A file in a stage

Load the fewest possible number of large files.

Dedicate a separate warehouse for loading data.

Increase the size of the warehouse used.

Use several single-duster warehouses.

TASK_HISTORY

TASK_DEPENDENTS

CURRENT_TASK_GRAPHS

COMPLETE_TASK_GRAPHS

Monitor the performance of individual queries in real-time

Automatically allocate more storage space to a virtual warehouse

Modify the queries being executed within a virtual warehouse.

Suspend a virtual warehouse when its credit usage reaches a defined limit.

Trigger a notification to account administrators when credit usage reaches a specified threshold

The file will continue to load until all contents arc loaded.

The tile will slop loading and all data up to that point will be committed.

The file loading could be aborted without any portion of the file being committed.

The file's number of allowable hours to load can be programmatically controlled to load easily into Snowflake

A defined level of access to an object

An entity in which access can be granted

Each object has an owner, who can in turn grail access to that object.

Access privileges are assigned to roles. which are in turn assigned to use's

The type of SQL statements executed

The number of tables or databases queried

The amount of data stored in the warehouse

The length of time the compute resources in each cluster run

USAGE

OPERATE

MONITOR

OWNERSHIP

Use the query acceleration service.

Enable the search optimization service.

Convert to a multi-cluster warehouse.

Increase the size of the warehouse.

FLATTEN

QUERY_HISTORY

TASK_HISTORY

RESULT_SCAN

ARRAY

BINARY

TEXT

VARIANT

VARCHAK

User

Role

Attribute

Schema

Dictionary

List

Object

Scalar

Tabular

QUALIFY

LATERAL

PIVOT

CONNECT BY

Compress the files before loading.

Use a semi-structured file format.

Increase the PARALLEL option value.

Load the data into a table stage.

Enable the overwrite option.

USAGE on the specific tables in the database.

USAGE on the specific tables in the database.

MODIFY on 1Mb specific tables in the database.

USAGE on the database and the schema containing the tables to share

OPEBATE on the database and the schema containing the tables to share.

The warehouse size does not change until all queries currently running in the warehouse have completed.

The warehouse size does not change until all queries currently in the warehouse queue have completed.

The warehouse size does not change until the warehouse is suspended and restarted.

It does not return from the command until the warehouse has finished changing its size.

Grant the OWNERSHIP privilege on the schema.

Grant the OWNERSHIP privilege on the database.

Grant the MANAGE GRANTS global privilege.

Grant ALL privileges on the schema.

Users

Tables

Databases

Internal Stages

True

False

Via the Snowflake Web Interface (Ul)

Via the data_share=true parameter

Via SQL commands

Via Virtual Warehouses

Masking policy

Stored procedure

Task

External table

Pipe

External stage

Task

Stream

ACCOUNTADMIN

ORGADMIN

SECURITYADMIN

SYSADMIN

When another warehouse is used to execute the query

When another user executes the query

When the underlying data has changed

When the warehouse used to execute the query is suspended

When it has been 24 hours since the last query

Micro-partitions cannot overlap in their range of values

Micro-partitions are immutable objects that support the use of Time Travel.

Micro-partitions can reduce the amount of I/O from object storage to virtual warehouses

Rows are automatically stored in sorted order within micro-partitions

Micro-partitions can be defined on a schema-by-schema basis

SELECT LAST_SUCCESS_LOGIN, LOGIN_NAME

FROM ACCOUNT_USAGE.USERS;

SELECT EVENT_TIMESTAMP, USER_NAME

FROM table(information_schema.login_history_by_user())

SELECT EVENT_TIMESTAMP, USER_NAME

FROM ACCOUNT_USAGE.ACCESS_HISTORY;

SELECT EVENT_TIMESTAMP, USER_NAME

FROM ACCOUNT_USAGE.LOGIN_HISTORY;

Execute a COPY command

Updating data

Snowpipe

AUTOMATIC__CLUSTERING

Scaling up a warehouse

list @file__stage

show @file__stage

view @file__stage

verify @file__stage

True

False

Yes, because a table owner has full control and can unset masking policies.

Yes, because masking policies only apply to cloned tables.

No, because masking policies must always reference specific access roles.

No, because ownership of a table does not include the ability to change masking policies

ALLOW RESIZE ON WAREHOUSE MKTG__WH TO USER MKTG__LEAD;

GRANT MODIFY ON WAREHOUSE MKTG WH TO ROLE MARKETING;

GRANT MODIFY ON WAREHOUSE MKTG__WH TO USER MKTG__LEAD;

GRANT OPERATE ON WAREHOUSE MKTG WH TO ROLE MARKETING;

Variant

Object

Geometry

Geography

1 day

7 days

45 days

90 days

Materialized views

Sequences

Procedures

Tables

Secure User Defined Functions (UDFs)

LOAD

copy

GET

PUT

Each Snowflake account can be hosted in a different cloud vendor and region.

Each Snowflake account must be hosted in a different cloud vendor and region

All Snowflake accounts must be hosted in the same cloud vendor and region

Each Snowflake account can be hosted in a different cloud vendor, but must be in the same region.

Credits are billed per-minute with a 60-minute minimum

Credits are used to pay for cloud data storage usage

Credits are consumed based on the number of credits billed for each hour that a warehouse runs

Credits are consumed based on the warehouse size and the time the warehouse is running

UTF-8

UTF-16

ISO S859-1

ANSI_X3.A

Log the user out.

Deactivate the network policy.

Prevent the user from executing additional queries.

Allow the user to continue until the session or login token expires.

Shows how the accessed data was moved from the source lo the target objects

Provides a unified picture of what data was accessed and when it was accessed

Protects sensitive data from unauthorized access while allowing authorized users to access it at query runtime

Identifies columns with personal information and tags them so masking policies can be applied to protect sensitive data

Determines whether a given row in a table can be accessed by the user by filtering the data based on a given policy

Partitioning staged data files

Loading only the most recently-staged data files

Removing data files after loading

Identifying and removing duplicates after each data load