PDI Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I (SU24) Questions and Answers

When building the database layer of a Salesforce application using exclusively declarative development, the following options are relevant:

Option A: Roll-up summaries

Valid Declarative Tool.

Explanation:

Roll-up summary fields allow calculations (SUM, COUNT, MIN, MAX) on child records in a master-detail relationship.

They are created declaratively.

To expose an Apex class as a RESTful web service, you use the @RestResource annotation.

Option C: @RestResource(urlMapping='/myService/*')

@RestResource Annotation:

The @RestResource annotation is used to define an Apex class as a RESTful web service, specifying the URL mapping.

Methods within the class are annotated with @HttpGet, @HttpPost, @HttpPut, etc., to handle HTTP requests.

Example:

apex

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@RestResource(urlMapping='/myService/*')

global with sharing class MyRestService {

@HttpGet

global static String doGet() {

// Implementation

}

}

To fire an exception in Apex, the developer must use the throw statement along with an instance of the exception.

Option A: throw new ParityException();

Correct Way.

Explanation:

Creates a new instance of ParityException with no message and throws it.

Syntax is correct for throwing an exception.

Option C: throw new ParityException('parity does not match');

Correct Way.

Explanation:

Creates a new instance of ParityException with a custom message and throws it.

The exception class inherits from Exception, which allows passing a message to the constructor.

Options Not Correct:

Option B: new ParityException('parity does not match');

Incorrect.

Explanation:

This statement creates a new instance of ParityException but does not throw it.

Without the throw keyword, the exception is not fired.

Option D: new ParityException();

Incorrect.

Explanation:

Similar to Option B, this creates a new instance but does not throw it.

The exception will not affect the flow unless it is thrown.

Conclusion:

The two ways the developer can fire the exception are:

Option A: throw new ParityException();

Option C: throw new ParityException('parity does not match');

Both use the throw statement to fire the exception.

To update the Timezone__c field on Account based on the Postal Code and values from PostalCodeToTimezone__c:

Option B: Account Trigger

Explanation:

An Apex trigger can query the PostalCodeToTimezone__c object and update the Timezone__c field when the Postal Code is changed.

To meet the given requirements, we need a relationship that allows:

Calculating the total amount on an Order.

This can be achieved using roll-up summary fields on the Order object to sum up values from its Line Item child records.

Roll-up summary fields are only available on the master object in a master-detail relationship.

To back up all data and attachments in a Salesforce org, the standard approach is to use the Data Export Service.

Option B: Define a Data Export scheduled

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Data Export Service allows administrators to schedule a weekly or monthly export of all data and attachments.

The exported data can be downloaded as a set of CSV files and attachments in zip format.

When deploying Apex code to production, Salesforce requires that all Apex triggers have at least 1% code coverage and the overall code coverage must be at least 75%.

In this scenario:

The developer has a test class that covers 95% of the helper class.

The deployment fails because the trigger has 0% coverage.

The error message indicates that the trigger needs at least 1% coverage.

Solution:

Option A: Create a test class and methods to cover the Apex trigger.

Correct Action.

Explanation:

Write a test class that specifically tests the trigger's functionality.

Ensure that the trigger is executed within the test context.

This will increase the trigger's code coverage above the required 1%.

When creating a Visualforce page that uses a standard controller and a controller extension for a custom object named Notice__c, the correct syntax is:

Option D: apex

standardController="Notice__c" extensions="myControllerExtension"

Correct Syntax.

standardController attribute specifies the standard controller for the custom object Notice__c.

extensions attribute specifies the name of the Apex class myControllerExtension that extends the functionality of the standard controller.

To represent that an applicant has applied for a job when each applicant can apply to multiple jobs:

Option B: Junction object between Applicant and Job

Explanation: A many-to-many relationship in Salesforce is modeled using a junction object. The junction object would have two master-detail relationships, one to Applicant and one to Job.

Implementation:

Create a custom object, e.g., JobApplication.

Add master-detail relationships to both Applicant and Job.

To ensure that the component works for both users without showing errors due to field-level security, the developer should handle field accessibility programmatically.

Option D: Use Security.stripInaccessible to remove fields inaccessible to the current user.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Security.stripInaccessible method can be used in Apex to remove fields from SObjects that the current user doesn't have access to.

When data is fetched using SOQL, the method can be applied to ensure that inaccessible fields are not included, preventing any security exceptions when the component tries to display them.

This method enforces field-level security and prevents exposure of inaccessible data.

Usage:

// Apex Controller

public with sharing class SalesRecordsController {

@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)

public static List getSalesRecords() {

List records = [SELECT Id, Name, Commission__c, Other_Field__c FROM Sales_Record__c];

return (List) Security.stripInaccessible(AccessType.READABLE, records);

}

}

The accurate statements about debug logs are:

Option A: System debug logs are retained for 24 hours.

Explanation: Salesforce retains debug logs for 24 hours after they are generated.

When importing an Apex method into a Lightning Web Component (LWC), the correct syntax is:

import methodName from '@salesforce/apex/ClassName.methodName';

Option D: import updateAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';

Correct Syntax.

Explanation:

import updateAccounts:

Specifies the JavaScript function name to reference in the LWC.

from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';:

Indicates that we are importing from an Apex class named AccountController, and the method is updateaccounts.

Case Sensitivity:

The class and method names are case-sensitive and should match the Apex code.

To notify the parent component from a child component when a button is clicked:

Option C: Create a custom event

Explanation: In Lightning Web Components, child components communicate with parent components by dispatching custom events.

Child Component:

// ChildComponent.js

handleClick() {

const nextEvent = new CustomEvent('next');

this.dispatchEvent(nextEvent);

}

Parent Component:

javascript

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// ParentComponent.js

handleNext() {

// Navigate to the next page

}

As of Winter '20 (API version 47.0), Salesforce introduced the ability to test Autolaunched Flows with test coverage.

However, as of the current knowledge cutoff (2023-09), there is no direct way within the Salesforce UI to check the test coverage of autolaunched flows before deploying them via change sets.

To check the test coverage of flows, developers can use the Tooling API to query for test coverage.

Option A: Use SOQL and the Tooling API.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Developers can use the Tooling API to query for Flow test coverage information.

By executing a SOQL query on FlowTestCoverage and FlowVersionView objects via the Tooling API, developers can retrieve coverage data.

This allows checking flow test coverage programmatically before deployment.

Using Database.insert with allOrNone=false allows partial success in DML operations.

Option D: Use the Database method with allOrNone set to false.

Records that cause errors are not inserted.

Successful records are committed.

Prevents the entire batch from failing.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Deactivating the trigger is not practical.

Option B: Removing the class from the profile may cause other issues.

Option C: A try-catch block won't prevent the batch from failing.

References:

Database Methods:

"Use the Database DML methods to specify whether or not to allow partial record processing."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the Database Class

In a before insert trigger:

Trigger.old is null.

There is no existing record in the database to reference.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Describes Trigger.new.

Option B: The variable is defined but has a null value.

Option D: Trigger.old is not an empty list; it is null.

References:

Trigger Context Variables:

"In insert triggers, Trigger.old is null because the records are new."— Apex Developer Guide: Trigger Context Variables

Given that Trainer__c has a lookup field to Gym__c, to retrieve the record for the 'Viridian City Gym' and all its trainers, the correct SOQL query is:

Option A:

SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__r) FROM Gym__c WHERE Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

Parent-to-Child Query (Subquery):

To retrieve child records (trainers) from the parent record (gym), you perform a subquery using the child relationship name.

Child Relationship Name:

For a lookup relationship, the child relationship name can be found in the relationship settings.

By default, if the lookup field on Trainer__c is Gym__c, the child relationship name is Trainers__r.

Query Breakdown:

SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__r) FROM Gym__c WHERE Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

Selects the Gym record and all related Trainers.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: (SELECT Id FROM Trainer__c)

Trainer__c is an object, not a relationship name, so the subquery is incorrect.

Option C: SELECT ID FROM Trainer__c WHERE Gym__r.Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

This query retrieves Trainer records, not the Gym record and its trainers as specified.

Option D: (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__c)

Trainers__c is incorrect; the child relationship name should end with __r in subqueries.

When overriding standard buttons in Salesforce Classic and Lightning Experience, different technologies are used.

Salesforce Classic:

Visualforce pages are used to override standard buttons like Edit.

Lightning Experience:

Lightning Components (Aura Components or Lightning Web Components) are used.

Option C: A Visualforce page in Salesforce Classic and a Lightning component in Lightning Experience

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

In Salesforce Classic, override the Edit button with a Visualforce page.

In Lightning Experience, use a Lightning Component to override the Edit action.

In Lightning Web Components (LWC), custom events are used for communication between components. The two characteristics that are true for LWC custom events are:

Option A: Data may be passed in the payload of a custom event using a property called detail.

Explanation: When dispatching a custom event in LWC, you can pass data using the detail property of the event. This allows the parent component to access any data emitted by the child component.

// Child component JavaScript

const myEvent = new CustomEvent('myevent', {

detail: { data: 'Some data' }

});

this.dispatchEvent(myEvent);

Option C: Developer Sandbox

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Developer Sandboxes are intended for coding and testing by a single developer.

They copy all application and configuration information from production, ensuring the same metadata.

Each developer can work in their own isolated environment.

To build a responsive application capable of responding to touch events and executed on stateful clients, the developer should use technologies that support modern web standards, responsive design, and touch interactions. The two technologies that meet these requirements are Aura Components and Lightning Web Components.

Option A: Aura Components

Explanation: Aura Components are part of the Lightning Component Framework and are designed to build dynamic web applications for mobile and desktop devices. They support responsive design and can handle touch events, making them suitable for building applications that run on stateful clients.

The requirement is to model a many-to-many relationship between Account and Bug__c:

Each Account (company) can report multiple bugs.

Each Bug__c can be reported by multiple accounts.

To represent a many-to-many relationship in Salesforce, we use a junction object.

Option A: Junction object between Bug__c and Account

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Create a custom junction object, e.g., AccountBug__c, with two master-detail relationships:

One to Account.

One to Bug__c.

This allows linking accounts and bugs in a many-to-many fashion.

Enables reporting on which companies have reported which bugs.

ISV Package Development:

The ISV is developing a managed package.

They have an Apex class BodyFat with a method calculateBodyFat().

Requirement:

Ensure calculateBodyFat() is accessible by consumers outside the package namespace.

Solution:

To allow methods in a managed package to be accessible outside the package namespace, they must be declared as global.

Option B: Declare the class and method using the global access modifier.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Global Classes and Methods:

In managed packages, only classes and methods declared as global are accessible outside the package namespace.

Declaration:

global class BodyFat {

global void calculateBodyFat() {

// method implementation

}

}

Important Notes:

Public classes and methods in managed packages are accessible only within the namespace.

Global is required to expose the functionality to subscribers.

Option A: Roll-up summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save.

True.

When a child record changes, roll-up summary fields on the parent object are recalculated.

This causes the parent record to save, which can trigger triggers on the parent object.

Defining the Order Number field as an External ID and marking it as Unique ensures:

External ID:

Allows the field to be used for matching during data import.

Helps in upsert operations.

Unique:

Ensures no duplicate Order Numbers exist.

Maintains data integrity.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Direct Lookup is not a valid field type for this scenario.

Option B: Lookup fields create relationships, not suitable here.

Option D: Indirect Lookup is used with external objects.

References:

External IDs:

"An external ID is a custom field that has the External ID attribute, meaning that it contains unique record identifiers from a system outside of Salesforce."— Salesforce Help: External ID Fields

In the provided code snippet:

Boolean isOK;

Integer x;

String theString = 'Hello';

if (isOK == false && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 1;

} else if (isOK == true && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 2;

} else if (isOK != null && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 3;

} else {

x = 4;

}

Variable Initialization:

Boolean isOK; → Declared but not initialized, so isOK is null.

Integer x; → Declared but not initialized.

String theString = 'Hello'; → Initialized to 'Hello'.

Evaluation of Conditions:

First Condition:

if (isOK == false && theString == 'Hello')

isOK == false → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Second Condition:

else if (isOK == true && theString == 'Hello')

isOK == true → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Third Condition:

else if (isOK != null && theString == 'Hello')

isOK != null → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Else Block:

else {

x = 4;

}

Since none of the previous conditions are met, the else block is executed.

x is assigned the value 4.

Conclusion:

The variable x is assigned the value 4.

References:

Variable Initialization:

"Instance variables are initialized to null. Local variables are not initialized, so their value is undefined until you assign a value."— Apex Developer Guide: Variables

Conditional Statements and Null Values:

"In Apex, comparisons with null are straightforward. If you compare null to a value, the result is false."— Apex Developer Guide: Expressions

Trace Flags in Salesforce are used to set logging levels for various entities to debug and monitor execution. They can be configured for:

Apex Classes (Option C):

You can set a trace flag for a specific Apex class to monitor its execution and debug logs.

The first step in the Salesforce order of execution:

Option D: The original record is loaded from the database.

This is Step 1 in the order of execution.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Overwriting old values happens after loading the record.

Option B: JavaScript validation occurs on the client side before server processing.

Option C: System validation for field lengths happens after loading the record.

References:

Order of Execution:

"1. Loads the original record from the database or initializes the record for an upsert statement."— Apex Developer Guide: Triggers and Order of Execution

Option C: Handle low-level events in the event handler and re-fire them as higher-level events.

True.

Explanation:

It's a best practice to encapsulate lower-level events and re-emit them as higher-level, application-specific events to decouple components and simplify event handling.

When deploying Apex code to production, the following considerations are required:

Option B: All triggers must have at least one line of test coverage.

Explanation:

Salesforce mandates that every trigger has some test coverage.

To enforce that only Container__c records with a status of "Decommissioned" can be deleted, we need to prevent deletion of records unless they meet this criteria.

Possible Approaches:

Option A: Apex Trigger

Correct.

Explanation:

An Apex before delete trigger can be written to check the Status__c field of each record being deleted.

If the status is not "Decommissioned," the trigger can add an error to prevent deletion.

trigger PreventContainerDeletion on Container__c (before delete) {

for (Container__c container : Trigger.old) {

if (container.Status__c != 'Decommissioned') {

container.addError('Only decommissioned containers can be deleted.');

}

}

}

The error message 'Maximum trigger depth exceeded' occurs when a trigger invokes itself recursively more than the allowed limit.

Option C: The trigger is getting executed multiple times.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

This error indicates that the trigger is recursively calling itself.

This can happen if the trigger performs an update or insert operation that causes the same trigger to fire again, leading to an infinite loop.

Salesforce enforces a limit on the recursion depth to prevent stack overflows.

To integrate Order__c records with the ERP system after their status is set to 'Placed', and considering that orders may be uploaded in bulk, the developer should:

Option D: Callout from a Queueable class called from a trigger

Explanation:

Trigger: Implement an after-update trigger on Order__c to detect when the status changes to 'Placed'.

Queueable Apex: Use Queueable Apex to handle asynchronous processing and callouts. Queueable classes support callouts by implementing the Database.AllowsCallouts interface.

Benefits:

Handles Bulk Data: Queueable Apex can process records in batches and can be chained for processing large volumes.

Supports Callouts: Unlike future methods, Queueable Apex allows for more complex data types and supports callouts with fewer limitations.

To script the deployment and unit test execution as part of continuous integration (CI), developers use tools that can be automated and run from the command line or scripts.

Option D: Salesforce CLI

Correct.

Explanation:

The Salesforce CLI (Command-Line Interface) is a powerful command-line tool that allows developers to interact with Salesforce orgs.

It supports scripting of deployments using commands like sfdx force:source:deploy and running unit tests using sfdx force:apex:test:run.

The CLI can be integrated into CI/CD pipelines to automate deployments and testing.

When using the @InvocableMethod annotation in Apex, there are specific considerations to keep in mind:

Option A: Only one method using the @InvocableMethod annotation can be defined per Apex class.

True.

Explanation:

An Apex class can contain only one method annotated with @InvocableMethod.

This ensures that when the class is invoked from a flow or process, there is no ambiguity about which method to execute.

When comparing Lightning Web Components (LWC) with Visualforce for the View layer in the MVC paradigm, several advantages stand out.

Option A: Self-contained and reusable units of an application

Correct Advantage.

Explanation:

LWCs are built using modular components that encapsulate their own structure, style, and behavior.

Components can be reused across different parts of the application, promoting consistency and reducing development time.

This modularity allows for better maintainability and scalability.

Universal Containers (UC) wants to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, which should be the date when all Order Line Items are available. The availability date is stored on each Order Line Item.

Given that the relationship between Order and Order Line Item is Master-Detail, we can leverage Roll-Up Summary Fields to perform calculations on the child records (Order Line Items) and summarize them on the parent record (Order).

Option A: Use a MAX Roll-Up Summary field on the latest availability date fields.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Roll-Up Summary Field on the Order object.

Use the MAX function to calculate the latest availability date among all related Order Line Items.

The Roll-Up Summary Field will display the maximum (latest) availability date, which represents the date when all items are available.

This date can be used as the estimated ship date for the Order since the Order can only be shipped when all items are available.

Benefits:

Declarative Solution: No code required.

Real-Time Calculation: Automatically updates when Order Line Items change.

To retrieve data from an external system in real time during a flow, the developer should use an invocable method.

Option B: An invocable method

Invocable methods can be called from Flow to execute Apex code. By annotating an Apex method with @InvocableMethod, you can expose it to Flows. If the method needs to make a callout to an external system, it must be annotated with (callout=true).

public with sharing class OrderService {

@InvocableMethod(callout=true)

public static List getOrderData(List inputs) {

// Callout to external system and return data

}

}

When an Opportunity needs to have an amount rolled up from a custom object that is not in a master-detail relationship, the best approach is to:

Option B: Write a trigger on the child object and use an aggregate function to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Roll-Up Summary Fields Limitation: Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships. Since the custom object is in a lookup relationship with Opportunity (not master-detail), roll-up summary fields are not available.

"Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships."— Salesforce Help: Define Roll-Up Summary Fields

Trigger on Child Object: Writing a trigger on the child object (the custom object) allows you to execute logic whenever a child record is inserted, updated, or deleted.

Aggregate Function: Within the trigger, you can use SOQL aggregate functions (like SUM()) to calculate the total amount of all child records related to the Opportunity and update the parent Opportunity record accordingly.

trigger ChildObjectTrigger on ChildObject__c (after insert, after update, after delete, after undelete) {

Set oppIds = new Set();

if(Trigger.isInsert || Trigger.isUpdate || Trigger.isUndelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.new){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

if(Trigger.isDelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.old){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

List oppsToUpdate = new List();

for(Id oppId : oppIds){

Decimal totalAmount = [SELECT SUM(Amount__c) FROM ChildObject__c WHERE Opportunity__c = :oppId];

Opportunity opp = new Opportunity(Id = oppId, Total_Child_Amount__c = totalAmount);

oppsToUpdate.add(opp);

}

update oppsToUpdate;

}

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: Use the Streaming API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Streaming API is designed for receiving notifications of data changes in Salesforce and is not suitable for calculating roll-up summaries.

"The Streaming API enables streaming of events using push technology and provides a subscription mechanism for receiving events in near real time."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Streaming API

Option C: Use the Metadata API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Metadata API is used for deploying and retrieving metadata (like custom fields, layouts) between orgs and does not perform data calculations.

"Use Metadata API to retrieve, deploy, create, update, or delete customization information, such as custom object definitions and page layouts, for your org."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Metadata API

Option D: Write a trigger on the Opportunity object and use tree sorting to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Writing a trigger on the Opportunity object would not effectively capture changes made to child records, as triggers on the parent do not fire when child records are modified.

Tree sorting is not a standard technique in Apex for summing related records.

Conclusion:

Writing a trigger on the child object is the most effective way to sum amounts from child records and update the parent Opportunity when a master-detail relationship is not present.

When saving records using a custom controller in a Visualforce page, validation rule violations can occur. To display these validation error messages to the user, the developer should use the component.

Option A: Include <apex:messages> on the Visualforce page.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The component displays all messages that were generated for all components on the page, including validation rule violations.

When a DML operation is performed, any validation errors are automatically added to the ApexPages message collection.

Including in the page ensures that these messages are displayed to the user.

Example:

Option A: Specifying loading order

True.

Explanation:

The tag allows you to specify the order in which scripts are loaded by the sequence in the scripts attribute.

To replace a JavaScript button from Salesforce Classic that creates records with prepopulated values in Lightning Experience, the developer can use:

Option A: Quick Actions

Quick Actions (Specifically, Object-Specific Actions):

Quick Actions allow users to perform actions, such as creating or updating records, from a record page or global context.

Prepopulating Fields:

You can predefine field values in Quick Actions using predefined values or by utilizing Lightning Component actions.

Option A: An External ID field can be used to reference an ID from another external system.

True.

Explanation:

External IDs are custom fields that have the External ID attribute selected.

They are used to store unique identifiers from external systems, allowing Salesforce to match and integrate data based on external IDs.

Option B: Use an Assignment Flow element.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Using a record-triggered flow, you can automatically assign new cases based on the case origin.

Flows provide flexibility to set field values, assign records, and automate complex logic without code.