Salesforce-MuleSoft-Developer-I Salesforce Certified MuleSoft Developer 1 Exam (SU24) Questions and Answers

client-id-required enforces clients to add client_id and client_secret.

Please refer to below steps.

• Add a section called traits: at the root level to define query parameters:
• traits:
• - client-id-required:
• queryParameters:
• client_id:
• type: string
• client_secret:
• type: string
• 2) Reference the trait in each of the methods to specify that each of the methods require these query parameters. After each method in the RAML file, add is: [client-id-required]. For example:
• /users:
• get:
• is: [client-id-required]
• description: Gets a list of JSONPlaceholder users.

This kind of questions are best solved with filtering technique. Key thing to note here is XML attributes are always access by @ notation. So in this example orderId can be accessed as @OrderId which makes option 3 and option 4 false. Now difference in optin and option 2 is in mapping of lineItemPrice. Correct syntax to format a String in Numbse is value.price as Number. Hence option 2 is correct

Application properties can be defined in .yaml or in .properties file.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/configuring-properties#supported_files

An object store is a facility for storing objects in or across Mule applications. Mule runtime engine (Mule) uses object stores to persist data for eventual retrieval. Internally, Mule uses object stores in various filters, routers, and other message processors that need to store states between messages.

Object stores are available in all deployment targets. If you deploy your application to CloudHub, you can also use Object Store V2.

Correct answer is Key/value pair in Object store

MuleSoft Documentation reference : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/mule-object-stores#use-cases

Correct answer is 200.1234 as String {format: ".0#"} . Rest all options are not syntactically correct.

Correct answer is async sub flow. Rest are valid flows in Mule.

Sub flow is always synchronous.

Correct answer is Add required headers to RAML specification and redeploy new API proxy

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/api-manager/2.x/tutorial-manage-an-api

Steps are as below :

Add the Required RAML Snippet

SLA-based rate limiting requires adding a RAML or OAS snippet to your API. This procedure demonstrates adding a RAML snippet.

Specify the client ID and secret as query parameters.

Add a section called traits: at the RAML root level to define query parameters:

traits:

- client-id-required:

queryParameters:

client_id:

type: string

client_secret:

type: string

Add the client-id-required trait to every method that requires these query parameters:

/users:

get:

is: [client-id-required]

description: Gets a list of JSONPlaceholder users.

Step 2 : Add the SLA Tier in API Manager

Step 3 : Apply the policy and redeploy

Points to remember:

* XML must have a root element.

* XML only allows one root element

* To avoid multiple root issues, you must create a root element for the XML output, whenever we transform output

* When mapping array elements (JSON or JAVA) to XML, wrap the map operations in {(..)}

-{ } are defining the object

( ) are transforming each element in the array as a key/value pair

* The transformation to XML would fail if the above mentioned considerations were not taken into account.

* Thus the transformation script declares a root element as trains and wraps the data in “{( )}“.

Whenever you see such type of question, always look out for root element followed by {( )} wrapping map.

I call this a "Wrap The Map" scenario. Hope it would help you remember !

Correct answer is An Object containing all three Mule event Objects

The Scatter-Gather component is a routing event processor that processes a Mule event through different parallel processing routes that contain different event processors. Each route receives a reference to the Mule event and executes a sequence of one or more event processors. Each of these routes uses a separate thread to execute the event processors, and the resulting Mule event can be either the same Mule event without modifications or a new Mule event with its own payload, attributes, and variables. The Scatter-Gather component then combines the Mule events returned by each processing route into a new Mule event that is passed to the next event processor only after every route completes successfully.

The Scatter-Gather component executes each route in parallel, not sequentially. Parallel execution of routes can greatly increase the efficiency of your Mule application and may provide more information than sequential processing.

Sample output is as below

Table Description automatically generated with low confidence

MuleSoft Documentation reference : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/scatter-gather-concept

Paths

The path of an HTTP listener can be static, which requires exact matches, or feature placeholders. Placeholders can be wildcards (*), which match against anything they are compared to, or parameters ({param}), which not only match against anything but also capture those values on a URI parameters map.

Take the following example paths for three listeners using a configuration that establishes api/v1 as the base path:

account/mulesoft/main-contact: only match the exact path request http://awesome-company.com/api/v1/account/mulesoft/main-contact

account/{accountId}/main-contact: matches all path requests structured similarly, such as http://awesome-company.com/api/v1/account/salesforce/main-contact , and save salesforce as the value of accountId.

account/{accountId}/*: matches all path requests different from main-contact, such as http://awesome-company.com/api/v1/account/mulesoft/users , and save mulesoft as the value of accountId.

Mule Ref Doc : https://docs.mulesoft.com/http-connector/1.6/http-listener-ref#paths

Flow Reference Component

Flow Reference routes the Mule event to another flow or subflow, executes all processors in the referenced flow, and then routes the event back within the same Mule application. The following diagram shows the order of processing when one flow references another:

When the main flow is triggered, the Mule event travels through and executes the flow until the event reaches the Flow Reference. The event then travels through and executes the referenced flow from beginning to end, and then returns to the main flow.

This process enables you to treat the entire referenced flow like a single component in your current flow.

Mule Ref Doc : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/flowref-about

Correct answer is

• payload
• quantity var
• color query param

Query parameters are a defined set of parameters attached to the end of a url. They are extensions of the URL that are used to help define specific content or actions based on the data being passed. To append query params to the end of a URL, a ‘?’ Is added followed immediately by a query parameter.

To add multiple parameters, an ‘&’ is added in between each.

Hence coming back to question, endpoint would return Patients with name as John and (and is very important here) surname as Bell

Correct answer is [[5, 10, 15, 20], 5]

Key thing to note here is that any changes made to payload in for each loop are not available outside for each scope where as variable value updated in for each loop is visible out side for each loop too.

In this example , sequence can be described as follows

1) Payload is set to the value [5, 10, 15, 20]

2) Variable is set to the value of 1

3) For each loop is executed four times and in each loop payload value is updated to append "Req" and variable is count is increased by 1

4) Once control comes out of for each , payload changes made within for each are not visible. Hence payload at this point of time is equal to payload available before entering for each loop which was  [5, 10, 15, 20]. Similarly variable value updated in for each loop is also available outside hence variable value is 5 as it was updated in loop.

5) Hence correct answer is [[5, 10, 15, 20], 5]

For Each Scope

The For Each scope splits a payload into elements and processes them one by one through the components that you place in the scope. It is similar to a for-each/for loop code block in most programming languages and can process any collection, including lists and arrays. The collection can be any supported content type, such as application/json, application/java, or application/xml.

General considerations about the For Each scope:

By default, For Each tries to split the payload. If the payload is a simple Java collection, the For Each scope can split it without any configuration. The payload inside the For Each scope is each of the split elements. Attributes within the original message are ignored because they are related to the entire message.

For Each does not modify the current payload. The output payload is the same as the input.

For non-Java collections, such as XML or JSON, use a DataWeave expression to split data. Use the Collection field for this purpose.

Metadata is stored in application-types.xml flle located under src/main/resources.

Mule 4 applications contain an application-types.xml file, which is where metadata around your data types is stored. For example, if you create a new CSV type, that metadata will be added to this file. This new file is easy to share, commit, and merge when conflicts arise, which enables you to do more metadata-driven development.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/intro-studio#metadata-storage

Correct answer is Change the method attributes value to "POST".

It can be fixed in either of the two ways as below.

1) Changing method attribute to POST in ClientRequestFlow

2) Setting allowedMethods as PUT in ShippingFlow (but doesn't fit as question mentions about changing ClientRequestFlow)

Correct answer is Validation modules Is Number operation.

Mule 4 does not use filters anymore. The functionality provided by filters in Mule 3 can be achieved by using the Validation Module.

PUT replaces the original version of the resource, whereas the PATCH method supplies a set of instructions to modify the resource

Correct answer is

%dw 2.0

output application/json

import modules::Utility

---

Utility::encryptString( "John Smith" )

DataWeave 2.0 functions are packaged in modules. Before you begin, note that DataWeave 2.0 is for Mule 4 apps. For Mule 3 apps, refer to DataWeave Operators in the Mule 3.9 documentation. For other Mule versions, you can use the version selector for the Mule Runtime table of contents.

Functions in the Core (dw::Core) module are imported automatically into your DataWeave scripts. To use other modules, you need to import the module or functions you want to use by adding the import directive to the head of your DataWeave script, for example:

import dw::core::Strings

import camelize, capitalize from dw::core::Strings

import * from dw::core::Strings

The way you import a module impacts the way you need to call its functions from a DataWeave script. If the directive does not list specific functions to import or use * from to import all functions from a function module, you need to specify the module when you call the function from your script. For example, this import directive does not identify any functions to import from the String module, so it calls the pluralize function like this: Strings::pluralize("box").

Transform

%dw 2.0

import dw::core::Strings

output application/json

---

{ 'plural': Strings::pluralize("box") }

Correct answer is Attributes.

Query parameters , URI parameters and headers are some of examples which are part of attributes.

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By default, Debugger listens for incoming TCP connections on localhost port 6666 You can change this in a project's run configuration.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/studio/7.5/visual-debugger-concept

APIKIt Creates a separate flow for each HTTP method. Hence 4 private flows would be generated.

MuleSoft Documentation Referrence : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/build-application-from-api

Correct answer is A global element

Global error handlers are to be created in global element .

Quick note to remember here is Global error handlers come in to picture only when there are no error handlers specified as flow level.

Steps to create Global error handler

1) Click Global Elements to open Global Configuration Elements. Global Elements is located below the Studio canvas

2) In Global Configuration Elements, click Create to open the Choose Global Type dialog

Graphical user interface, text, application, chat or text message Description automatically generated

3) From the dialog, select Global Configuration -→ Configuration, and then click OK to open the Configuration dialog.

Graphical user interface, text, application, email Description automatically generated

4) From the select Configuration dialog, select allErrorHandler for the Default Error Handler field, and click OK.

Correct answer is Modify the API implementation to use auto-discovery to register with API Manager

API Autodiscovery

Configuring autodiscovery allows a deployed Mule runtime engine (Mule) application to connect with API Manager to download and manage policies and to generate analytics data. Additionally, with autodiscovery, you can configure your Mule applications to act as their own API proxy.

When autodiscovery is correctly configured in your Mule application, you can say that your application’s API is tracked by (green dot) or paired to API Manager. You can associate an API in a Mule setup with only one autodiscovery instance at a given time.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/api-manager/2.x/api-auto-discovery-new-concept

APIKIt Creates a separate flow for each HTTP method

For Each Scope

The For Each scope splits a payload into elements and processes them one by one through the components that you place in the scope. It is similar to a for-each/for loop code block in most programming languages and can process any collection, including lists and arrays. The collection can be any supported content type, such as application/json, application/java, or application/xml.

General considerations about the For Each scope:

By default, For Each tries to split the payload. If the payload is a simple Java collection, the For Each scope can split it without any configuration. The payload inside the For Each scope is each of the split elements. Attributes within the original message are ignored because they are related to the entire message.

For Each does not modify the current payload. The output payload is the same as the input.

Mule Doc Reference : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/for-each-scope-concept

Scatter-Gather Router

The Scatter-Gather component is a routing event processor that processes a Mule event through different parallel processing routes that contain different event processors. Each route receives a reference to the Mule event and executes a sequence of one or more event processors. Each of these routes uses a separate thread to execute the event processors, and the resulting Mule event can be either the same Mule event without modifications or a new Mule event with its own payload, attributes, and variables. The Scatter-Gather component then combines the Mule events returned by each processing route into a new Mule event that is passed to the next event processor only after every route completes successfully.

The Scatter-Gather component executes each route in parallel, not sequentially. Parallel execution of routes can greatly increase the efficiency of your Mule application and may provide more information than sequential processing.

Mule Ref Doc : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/scatter-gather-concept

For such questions always look for Syntax:

I call it "Wrap the Map"

trains:

{(

When mapping array elements (JSON or JAVA) to XML, wrap the map operations in {(..)}

-{ } are defining the object

-( ) are transforming each element in the array as a key/value pair

Correct answer is Save the payload from the Database SELECT operation to a variable

Response from HTTP request will override the payload and hence response of database SELECT can be lost. Best way to preserve is to assign payload of first operation to variable using TransformMessage.

Correct answer is Creates a mock service for an API

API Notebook is an open source, shareable web application for API documentation, interactive API tutorial and example generatation, and a client for your API endpoints. Using API Notebook, you can make requests and quickly transform the responses into readable format. However it cannot be used to mock service for an API.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/api-manager/1.x/api-notebook-concept

Option 1 is the correct syntax

The First Successful router iterates through a list of configured processing routes until one of the routes executes successfully. This is sequential execution. In all other options mentioned in the question ,we can achieve parallel execution.

Correct answer is as below. On complete phase only has access to batch job result statistics and payload is not available.

• Total Records Processed: 3
• Successful Records: 3
• Failed Records: 0

On Complete

During this phase, you can optionally configure the runtime to create a report or summary of the records it processed for the particular batch job instance. This phase exists to give system administrators and developers some insight into which records failed to address any issues that might exist with the input data.

Sample output is as below

Mule Ref Doc : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/batch-processing-concept#on-complete

Correct answer is process layer as all the orchestration and transformation logic should be in process layer as per Mulesoft's recommended approach for API led connectivity.

API-led connectivity is a methodical way to connect data to applications through reusable and purposeful APIs. These APIs are developed to play a specific role – unlocking data from systems, composing data into processes, or delivering an experience.

What are the APIs that enable API-led connectivity?

API-led connectivity provides an approach for connecting and exposing assets. With this approach, rather than connecting things point-to-point, every asset becomes a managed API – a modern API, which makes it discoverable through self-service without losing control.

The APIs used in an API-led approach to connectivity fall into three categories:

System APIs – these usually access the core systems of record and provide a means of insulating the user from the complexity or any changes to the underlying systems. Once built, many users, can access data without any need to learn the underlying systems and can reuse these APIs in multiple projects.

Process APIs – These APIs interact with and shape data within a single system or across systems (breaking down data silos) and are created here without a dependence on the source systems from which that data originates, as well as the target channels through which that data is delivered.

Experience APIs – Experience APIs are the means by which data can be reconfigured so that it is most easily consumed by its intended audience, all from a common data source, rather than setting up separate point-to-point integrations for each channel. An Experience API is usually created with API-first design principles where the API is designed for the specific user experience in mind.

In General > Request > Query Parameters, click the plus icon (+) to add a parameter to a request. Type a name and value for the parameter or use a DataWeave expression to define the name and value.

Graphical user interface, text, application, email Description automatically generated

Correct answer is below as it follows the correct syntax.

/customers:

/{customerId}:

get:

Correct answer is as below.After all processing routes have finished execution, the Scatter-Gather component creates a new Mule event that combines all resulting Mule events from each route, and then passes the new Mule event to the next component in the flow.

{

"0": {

"attributes": ...,

"payload": "100"

},

"1": {

"attributes": ...,

"payload": "200"

}

}

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Here’s specifically what is happening here:

1) Payload is successfully set to “Before”

2) Is null validation is used which will pass the message only if payload is null. In this case as payload is not null, it creates an Error Object. Flow execution stops

#[error.description] = “Validation error”

3) Because no error handler is defined, the Mule default error handler handles the error

4) “Validation error” is the error message returned to the requestor in the body of the HTTP request with HTTP Status Code: 500

Reference diagram:

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Anypoint Exchange provided a way to publish , share and search API's.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/exchange/

Transform Message Add write_date is coverting payload in JSON format and same JSON payload is avaialble to file write processor. However, if the payload is a different format (for example, not CSV) , you can place the transformation inside the Write operation to generate content that will be written without producing a side effect on the message in transit. This is not done in this case. By default, the connector writes whatever is in the message payload. Hence JSON payload will be written to file.

Correct answer is The city is #[payload.City]

Answer can get confused with the option #["The city is" ++ payload.City] But note that this option will not print the space between is and city name. This will print The city isPune

Correct answer is as below. Attributes in the incoming xml payload are always accessed using @.Similarly *item is required as we have multiple items in the request

%dw 2.0

output application/csv

---

payload.sale.*item map ((value, index) -> {

index: index,

sale: value.@saleId,

itemName: value.desc,

itemPrice: (value.quantity) * (value.price),

item: value.@itemId

} )

Correct answer is Anypoint Visualizer

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/visualizer/

Anypoint Visualizer provides a real-time, graphical representation of the APIs, and Mule applications that are running and discoverable. It also displays third-party systems that are invoked by a Mule API, proxy, or application within your application network. The data displayed in the graph is dynamically updated and does not require prior configuration. Additionally, the data displayed is secure, as only users with the proper permissions can view the application network graph.

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Correct answer is as below. In this case address will be stored in a variable. Hence payload will not be overwritten and will contain order details

{

orderkey: "payload.order",

addresskey: "vars.address"

}

First step in creating Modern API is to create an API specification and get feedback from stakeholders so that any future issues can be identified at early stage thereby reducing overall delivery time

Correct answer is System layer

System APIs provide a means for insulating the data consumers from the complexity or changes to the underlying backend systems.

MuleSoft recommends three-layered approach to API-led connectivity, highlighting the three layers:

* System APIs

* Process APIs

* Experience APIs

System APIs are the core systems of record underlying core systems of record (e.g. ERPs, key customer and billing systems, databases, etc.). Process APIs allow you to define a common process which the organization can share, and these APIs perform specific functions, provide access to non-central data, and may be built by either Central IT or Line of Business IT. And finally, the Experience APIs are the means by which data can be reconfigured so that it is most easily consumed by its intended audience, all from a common data source.

The three-layered structure allows for a seamless flow of data from systems of record to new experiences, and allows for reusability of assets rather than point to point connections. This approach provides a distributed and tailored approach to architecture, greater flexibility through loose coupling, and deeper operational visibility into what is being built.

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Scatter-Gather sends the event to each routes concurrently. Hence both route in this example will start in parallel. So total time to complete processing is 40 seconds

The Scatter-Gather component is a routing event processor that processes a Mule event through different parallel processing routes that contain different event processors. Each route receives a reference to the Mule event and executes a sequence of one or more event processors. Each of these routes uses a separate thread to execute the event processors, and the resulting Mule event can be either the same Mule event without modifications or a new Mule event with its own payload, attributes, and variables. The Scatter-Gather component then combines the Mule events returned by each processing route into a new Mule event that is passed to the next event processor only after every route completes successfully.

The Scatter-Gather component executes each route in parallel, not sequentially. Parallel execution of routes can greatly increase the efficiency of your Mule application and may provide more information than sequential processing.

Mule Ref Doc : https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.3/scatter-gather-concept

Empty array is returned when no rows are matched.

MuleSoft Doc Ref : https://docs.mulesoft.com/db-connector/1.9/database-connector-select

Publish consume: Synchronous. Publish: Asynchronous.

* Watermark allows the poll scope to poll for new resources instead of getting the same resource over and over again.

* The database table must be ordered so that the “watermark functionality” can move effectively in the ordered list. Watermark stores the current/last picked up “record id.”

* If the Mule application is shut down, it will store the last picked up “record id” in the Java Object Store and the data will continue to exist in the file. This watermark functionality is valuable and enables developers to have increased transparency.

* Developers do not need to create code to handle caching; it is all configurable!

* There are two columns and both are unique but user_id can't guaranty sequence whereas date_time will always be in increasing order and table content can easily be ordered on the basis of last processed date_time.

So correct answer is: Set the watermark column to the date_time column

The correct answer is To avoid duplicate processing of records in a database.

If a watermark column is provided, the values taken from that column are used to filter the contents of the next poll, so that only rows with a greater watermark value are returned. If an ID column is provided, this component automatically verifies that the same row is not picked twice by concurrent polls.

Mule doc reference : https://docs.mulesoft.com/db-connector/1.8/database-documentation#listener